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Homeoprophylaxis: Human Records,
Studies and Trials
Used by permission.
Copyright © Compiled by Fran
Sheffield, Australia 2005 – 2014
(Updated 22nd August 2014)
In the beginning…
- Homeopathy’s ability to prevent as well as treat
epidemic disease was first discovered in 1799 by Samuel Hahnemann, founder
of Homeopathy, during an epidemic of scarlet fever in which he successfully
use a matching homeopathic remedy to contain its spread in those he
treated.
- The prophylactic effects of Homeopathy were quickly
picked up by other Homeopaths of the day and subsequently used with success
in all of the great world epidemics. It is still employed in outbreaks and
epidemics today - by people, communities and governments who have retained
the knowledge and the will to use it. The following is a collation of some
of those instances – historical and current.
Chikungunya
- 2006: In Kerala, India, a group of doctors distributed
a homeopathic preventative for chikungunya. The results of the study showed
that while over 73% contracted chikungunya in the unprotected group, only
17% of the protected group contracted the disease. (i)
Cholera
- 1831: Samuel Hahnemann prevented and treated cholera
during the 1831 Asiatic cholera epidemic with three main remedies. Accounts
can be read in Cure and Prevention of Asiatic Cholera. (ii)
- 1849: Dr Clemens von Boenninghausen treated and
prevented “untold” numbers of cholera infections with the above remedies
recommended by Hahnemann during the 1849 European epidemic. While a death
rate of 54-90% occurred with conventional treatment, Boenninghausen’s
patients had a mortality rate of only 5-16%.iii
- 1841-1854: Dr Charge, after producing a statistical
table showing the difference in cholera mortality between homeopathic and
allopathic treatment at the Convent Refuge at Marseilles, stated that once
homeopathy was introduced prophylactically, no further cases were reported.
(iv)
Dengue Fever
- 1996: The Central Council of Research in Homoeopathy
reported that a homeoprophylactic was administered to at least 39,200 people
in the Delhi area during an epidemic of dengue haemorrhagic fever. The
follow-up of 23,520 people, 10 days later, revealed that only 5 people
(0.125%) had developed mild symptoms, with the rest showing no signs or
symptoms of the disease. v (During epidemics of dengue, attack rates among
the susceptible are often 40-50 %, but may reach 80-90 %, World Health
Organisation). (vi)
- 2001: In São Paulo, Brazil in May 2001, a single dose
of a homeoprophylactic was given during a dengue outbreak to 40% of
residents in the most highly affected neighbourhood. Thereafter, dengue
incidence decreased by 81.5%, a highly significant decrease when compared
with those neighbourhoods that did not receive homeopathic prophylaxis
(p<0.0001). (vii)
- 2006: A dengue outbreak was controlled by the Cuban
Government through the preventative and treatment use of homeopathic
remedies. A marked reduction in dengue haemorrhagic fever occurred easing
the demand for intensive care beds. (viii)
- 2007: Between April and September 2007, a homeopathic
complex (a combination of homeopathic remedies) was given to 20,000 city
residents in São Paulo, Brazil. Unfortunately the trial was aborted
prematurely due to national political intervention, but the preliminary
findings indicate that homeopathy was effective in the prevention and
treatment of the dengue epidemic. (ix)
- 2008: Facing an outbreak of dengue in early 2007, the
Secretary of Health of the county of Macaé, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, carried
out a “Homeopathy Campaign against Dengue”. 156,000 doses of a prophylactic
complex (a combination of homeopathic remedies) was freely distributed to
asymptomatic patients and 129 doses of the ‘genus epidemicus’ (the remedy
that matches the characteristic symptoms of the prevailing epidemic) to
symptomatic patients within outpatient clinics. The disease incidence in the
first three months of 2008 fell 93% in comparison to the corresponding
period in 2007. The rest of the untreated state experienced an increase of
128%. (x)
- 2008 – 2010: An interview with the Secretary of Health
responsible for the integrative homeopathy program of the previous paper
reported the following: In 2007, facing a dengue epidemic, the city of Macaé,
Rio de Janeiro, decided to add a homeopathic medicine to the contingency
plan for dengue fever after which the disease incidence in Macaé in 2008
fell by 71% compared to 2007. In the north Fluminense region, which did not
receive the prophylactic, there was an increase of 273%, and in the State of
Rio de Janeiro, the increase was 315%. In 2011, there was a decrease of 89%
of confirmed cases in the protected area in the first quarter compared to
the same period in 2010. The prophylactic was freely distributed by the
Health Department of Macaé in the years: 2007: 216,000 doses; 2008: 203,878
doses; 2009: 211,059 doses; 2010: 178 677 doses. In terms of lethality and
notified dengue cases there was 0.2 in 2007, 0.0 in 2008, 0.1 in 2009 and
0.2 in 2010. In 2010 the agreed lethality target for severe forms in Macaé
was 2.58; the municipality reached 0.68, a much lower rate compared to the
state and other municipalities. (xi)
- 2010: The Colombo Municipal Council (CMC) and
homeopathic doctors used homeoprophylaxis to curb dengue in areas prone to
dengue mosquito breeding in Colombo city and its suburbs. (xii)
- 2012: In Mudurai, India, doctors from the government
medical college and hospital dispensed a homeopathic prophylactic to
thousands during a dengue fever epidemic. First to receive the remedy were
doctors, nurses, hospital staff and students followed by the residents of
the city. (xiii)
- 2012: The Government Homoeopathic Medical College and
Hospital at Tirumangalam, India, distributed homeoprophylaxis for the
prevention of dengue fever at two free camps during an outbreak. (xiv)
- 2012: The Medical and Health Department of Chittorr,
India, distributed homeoprophylactics to 2.5 million people during a dengue
fever epidemic following the earlier success of prophylactics distributed
for the swine flu epidemic in Kurnool. (xv)
- 2012: Researchers and doctors from KEM hospital used a
homeopathic prophylactic as the genus epidemicus (the remedy that matches
the characteristic symptoms of the prevailing epidemic) for the treatment
and prevention of dengue fever in Pune, India. (xvi)
- 2012: The Government Homoeopathic Medical College and
Hospital at Tirumangalam, India, established more than 30 camps to
distribute a homeoprophylactic for dengue fever control during regional
outbreaks. (xvii)
- 2013: AYUSH doctors in Guwahati state, India, used
homeopathic remedies to treat and prevent dengue during a local outbreak.
The former deputy director of health services and state programme officer of
AYUSH advised that the constitutional medicine and nosodes (remedies
prepared from a disease component) were among the best preventive medicines
for the disease. (xviii)
- 2014: The Sing Buri province of Thailand reported the
lowest incidence of dengue fever of all provinces following the distribution
of a homeoprophylactic by the Thai government. If pilot studies in a further
seven provinces are equally successful, country-wide implementation of the
program will be considered.(xix)
Diphtheria
- 1932: Laboratory experiments published by Dr Chavanon
showed that 45 children became Schick test negative (indicating the presence
of antibodies to diphtheria) after being treated with homeoprophylactically.
(xx)
- 1941: The test was repeated by Drs Patterson and Boyd
with 23 out of 33 children becoming Schick test negative after being given
the prophylactic. (xxi)
- 1947: Dr Roux repeated the test and produced a similar
result. (xxii)
Epidemic Fever
- 2007: Epidemic fever with the symptoms of: body pain;
joint pains; headache; backache, chills, shivering, oedema, vomiting, cough
& cold, and skin rashes, spread through Kerala, India. The Government's
Rapid Action Epidemic Control Cell - Homeopathy (RAECH) quickly distributed
a genus epidemicus remedy (a remedy that matches the characteristic symptoms
of the prevailing epidemic). Two months later, they followed up with a study
that found the overall percentage of protection offered by the remedy was
76.2% and the average protection rate was 73.83%. The percentage of
protection was higher in those who had taken the genus epidemicus properly
and the protection rate higher among those who had not taken other
medications at the same time. The genus epidemicus, although administered in
the prophylactic dose, also had a curative action in those who were already
affected by the epidemic; many symptoms were significantly reduced and of
shorter duration. There were also fewer post epidemic symptoms, less
expense, and a smaller number of work or study days lost. (xxiii)
Hepatitis
- 1991: Dr Eizayaga of Brazil noted both the curative
and preventative effects of a common homeopathic remedy used for many years
in the prevention of viral hepatitis. When treating individuals with
hepatitis, he would also give their family members and school-mates the
prophylactic. None contracted hepatitis in spite of being in close contact.
(xxiv)
Influenza and Respiratory Tract
Infections
- 1968: Between 1968-70, a survey conducted in Indian
factories and offices compared the results of allopathic (conventional)
treatment and homeopathic treatment of influenza. The purpose of this survey
was to determine the effectiveness of the nosode (a remedy prepared from a
disease component) as a homeopathic preventative (prophylactic). Almost 20%
of the patients treated by conventional medical physicians contracted the
flu. Among the homeopathically treated patients, only 6.5% came down with
the disease. Those who did become ill recovered more rapidly than their
allopathically treated patients. The number of working days lost by the
allopathically treated patients was nearly eight and a half times greater
than those lost by homeopathic patients. (xxv)
- 2007: Human herpesvirus 1, human adenovirus C serotype
5, influenza A virus, human respiratory syncytial virus, human parainfluenza
virus 3, human rhinovirus B serotype 14, and human coxsackievirus serotype
A9 cause, among other complaints, colds, flu, sore throat, runny nose, cold
sores, bronchiolitis, pneumonia, hand foot and mouth disease, and
conjunctivitis. Gripp-Heel, a proprietary combination remedy demonstrated
significant in vitro reductions of infectivity by 20% to 40% when tested
against these viruses. (xxvi)
- 2010: Human rhinovirus B serotype 14, influenza A
virus , H1N1 virus, herpes simplex virus 1, vesicular stomatitis virus,
respiratory syncytial virus, parainfluenza type 3, and adenovirus cause,
among other complaints, flu, colds, sore throat, swollen glands, oral
vesicles, runny nose, cold sores, bronchiolitis, pneumonia, hand foot and
mouth disease, and conjunctivitis. Proprietary products Engystol and Gripp-Heel
displayed in vitro prophylactic effects when tested against theseviruses.
(xxvii)
- 2011: Nosodes (remedies prepared from a disease
component) or placebo was given for 30 days to 450 children in Brazil to
test their effectiveness in preventing flu and acute respiratory infections.
Over the next 12 months the incidence of diagnosed acute respiratory
infection or flu was 3 times higher in the placebo group than those given
the prophylactics. The researchers commented that the low cost of treatment
and the absence of adverse effects made these nosodes a useful therapeutic
option for the Brazilian Public Health Service. (xxviii)
Japanese Encephalitis
- 1999 - 2003: Japanese encephalitis had caused
significant morbidity and mortality in the state of Andhra Pradesh for
several decades. In 1986, a high of 2038 cases with 638 deaths was recorded.
Children were especially affected. A small decline in incidence occurred
when homeopathic Belladonna was given as a prophylactic to some. When the
Government Department of Indian Medicine and Homoeopathy began to
systematically distribute prophylactics in 1999 via Public Health Centres,
Government Homeopathic Dispensaries, homoeopathic pharmacies and
homoeopathic doctors, notifications and mortality dropped to nil by 2003.
The prophylactics were dispensed to approximately 20 million children under
15 years of age. (xxix, xxx)
- 2010: Research from the School of Tropical Medicine,
Kolkata, in collaboration with Central Council for Research in Homoeopathy
(under the Department of AYUSH, Government of India) showed that a
homeoprophylactic in a range of potencies, was successful in controlling the
virus in infected chick embryos. The placebo had no effect. (xxxi)
Leptospirosis
- 2007-8: In late 2007, the Cuban government rapidly
distributed a homeopathic nosode (a remedy prepared from a disease
component) of four leptospirosis strains to 2.3 million people at high risk
of infection from an annual leptospirosis epidemic. The remaining population
of 8.8 million was untreated. Within weeks, the treated provinces had an 84%
decrease in disease incidence while the numbers of those infected in
untreated provinces continued at expected historical levels. The
intervention was “strongly associated with a drastic reduction of disease
incidence resulting in complete control of the epidemic.” The protective
effect continued into 2008 with an 84% reduction in leptospirosis cases for
the treated areas though no further prophylactic had been given.
Leptospirosis infections in untreated areas increased by 22%. (xxxii)
- 2014: A re-evaluation of the above 2007-8 Cuban
leptospirosis intervention was published. It assessed the influence of
potential confounders on initial results and concluded that the results
supported previous conclusions that homoeoprophylaxis can be used to
effectively immunize people against targeted infectious diseases such as
leptospirosis. (xxxiii)
Malaria
- 2003: A malaria trial conducted in Kenya between
2003-2005 used a homeoprophylactic with a group of 33 volunteers. Twenty-one
of the volunteers had experienced 1 – 3 malaria episodes in the 18 months
prior to the trial. During the trial, one person thought he may have
developed malaria but this was not verified by blood test. After a full
recovery in a matter of hours, malaria was considered unlikely. All other
participants in the trial remained malaria-free. (xxxiv)
- 2008: At Kendu Bay, Kenya, where malaria is endemic,
34 clients participated in a homeoprophylaxis observational field study. In
the 6 months prior to the study, all participants had experienced attacks of
malaria or malaria-like symptoms at least once with 71% experiencing malaria
or malaria-like symptoms at least once a month or every two weeks. Over the
course of the study and use of the prophylactic only 12% (4 out of the 34
respondents) experienced an attack of malaria or malaria-like symptoms.
(xxxv)
- 2011-2013: Chhattisgarh, India is a known endemic area
for malaria. Between 2004 -2010 it had an alarming increase in deaths from
the disease. Determined to prevent a repeat or worsening in 2011 the Health
Minister instructed that a known homeopathic treatment and prophylactic
remedy be distributed to 9 areas within the affected state. The results of
this initiative were "more than encouraging". Significant protection was
achieved with data showing that higher the number of doses of the
prophylactic, the lower the number of malaria cases. Those in unprotected
areas were 5 times more likely to contract the disease. On the strength of
these results the program was expanded to 20 areas in 2012 and 40 areas in
2013. (xxxvi)
- 2013: Researchers evaluated the efficacy of two
homeoprophylactics in combination therapy against lethal murine malaria in
mice. The combination of remedies showed significant preventive activity
with chemosuppression that was higher than the standard drug, pyrimethamine.
It also showed a moderate curative activity with complete clearance of
parasites in 50% of surviving mice. The researchers stated, “These findings
point to the significant antiplasmodial efficacy of the combination of these
homeopathic drugs against Plasmodium berghei.” (xxxvii)
- 2014: A combination remedy for Plasmodium berghei in
mice demonstrated considerable in vivo antimalarial activity and enhanced
mean survival time. The authors concluded: “The study establishes the
effectiveness of the combination against P. berghei in vivo along with the
safety of the drugs to the liver and kidney functions of the host.”
(xxxviii)
Meningococcal Disease
- 1974: During a meningococcal epidemic in Brazil,
18,640 children were immunised homeopathically to protect against
meningococcal infection, and 6,340 were not. The following results were
obtained:
- 18,640 protected homeopathically – 4 cases of
meningococcal infection.
- 6,340 not protected – 32 cases of meningococcal
infection.
- Based on the infection (attack) rate in the
unprotected group, 94 cases of infection could have been expected in the
homeopathically protected group. Instead, there were only four cases of
meningococcal infection, showing that the homeopathic option was 95%
effective against the meningococcal disease. (xxxix)
- 1998: The results of the first study (above) led to a
larger government-funded study, 24 years later. It was conducted by two
Professors of Medicine from the University Foundation in Blumenau, Brazil,
and a Blumenau specialist physician and Health City Secretary. A total of
65,826 people between the ages of 0–20 were immunised homeopathically to
protect against meningococcal disease while 23,532 were not. Over a 12 month
period, the following results were obtained:
- 65,826 protected homeopathically – 4 cases of
meningococcal infection.
- 23,532 not protected – 20 cases of meningococcal
infection.
- Based on the infection (attack) rate in the
unprotected group, 58 cases of infection could have been expected in the
homeopathically protected group. Instead, there were only four cases of
meningococcal infection. Statistical analysis showed that homeopathic
immunisation offered 95% protection in the first six months and 91%
protection over the year against meningococcal disease. (xl)
Pertussis
Poliomyelitis
- 1800s: Dr Grimmer of Chicago treated 5,000 young
children with a homeoprophylactic. None developed polio. (xli)
- 1850: During an epidemic of poliomyelitis, Dr Taylor
Smith of Johannesburg, South Africa protected 82 people with a
homeoprophylactic. Of these people, 12 came into direct contact with
disease. None were infected. (xlii)
- 1956: In a study between 1956-58, Dr Eisfelder
immunized over 6,000 children with a homeoprophylactic. No cases of polio
were reported in the group and no side-effects were observed. (xliii)
- 1957: A severe poliomyelitis epidemic occurred in
Buenos Aires. The majority of homoeopathic doctors prescribed a known
homeoprophylactic as a preventative. Drug stores distributed thousands of
doses to the public. None of who used the prophylactic registered a case of
contagion. (xliv)
- 1975: During another poliomyelitis epidemic in Buenos
Aires, 40,000 were given a known homeoprophylactic for the disease. None
developed poliomyelitis. (xlv)
Scarlet Fever
- 1799: Homeoprophylaxis was born during an epidemic of
Scarlet Fever in Germany. In 1799 Samuel Hahnemann, founder of Homeopathy,
discovered during an epidemic that a homeopathic remedy prevented Scarlet
Fever in that particular epidemic if given to people before exposure.
(xlvi)
- 1799: Following Hahnemann’s example (above), another
eleven medical doctors prescribed that remedy during the same epidemic. They
reported that of 1,646 children exposed to scarlet fever after being given
the prophylactic, only 123 (7.4%) developed symptoms of infection. In
contrast, the infection rate in those who did not receive the prophylactic
was as high as 90%. (xlvii)
- 1838: The Prussian Government ordered the use of the
prophylactic during all scarlet fever epidemics after a report from their
protomedicus, Hufeland, showed it to be an effective prophylactic. (xlviii)
Smallpox
- 1800s: Clemens von Boenninghausen (1785-1864) used a
common homeopathic remedy in both the treatment and prevention of smallpox
during an epidemic. When given to uninfected family members of households
with members already sick with the disease, none went on to contract it.
(xlix)
- 1902: Dr Eaton reported that during a smallpox
epidemic in Iowa, 2806 patients were treated prophylactically with a nosode
(a remedy prepared from a disease component). Of the 547 patients definitely
exposed, only 14 developed the disease. The protection rate from these
numbers was 97%. (l)
Viral Diseases
- 2007: Human herpesvirus 1, human adenovirus C serotype
5, influenza A virus, human respiratory syncytial virus, human parainfluenza
virus 3, human rhinovirus B serotype 14, and human coxsackievirus serotype
A9 cause, among other complaints, colds, flu, sore throat, runny nose, cold
sores, bronchiolitis, pneumonia, hand foot and mouth disease, and
conjunctivitis. Gripp-Heel, a proprietary combination remedy demonstrated
significant in vitro reductions of infectivity by 20% to 40% when tested
against these viruses. (li)
- 2010: Human rhinovirus B serotype 14, influenza A
virus , H1N1 virus, herpes simplex virus 1, vesicular stomatitis virus,
respiratory syncytial virus, parainfluenza type 3, and adenovirus cause,
among other complaints, flu, colds, sore throat, swollen glands, oral
vesicles, runny nose, cold sores, bronchiolitis, pneumonia, hand foot and
mouth disease, and conjunctivitis. Proprietary products Engystol and
Gripp-Heel displayed in vitro prophylactic effects when tested against these
viruses. (lii)
Whooping Cough
- 1967: Dr Dorothy Shepherd provides several accounts of
whooping cough prophylaxis by a nosode (a remedy prepared from a disease
component). The following is one example: “Personally I have always used for
years and years in whooping cough its own nosode, (…), which Dr John Clarke
recommended so strongly in his monograph (...) has given me 100% protection
even though it raged in a particular district; all the children on (…),
either on the 12th or 30th potency, given daily, escaped it. I used it for
years in the nurseries, in my private practice, in the medical clinic, and
in hundreds of cases in various epidemics we went through, and truly it is a
great remedy.” (liii)
- 1987: A pilot study on whooping cough prophylaxis
conducted by Dr J. English reported a reduction in whooping cough by a
factor of approximately one in three when compared to the incidence of
whooping cough in a similar but unprotected group. (liv)
- 1987: A small clinical trial on prophylaxis with a
nosode (a remedy prepared from a disease component) by Dr A. Fox over a
five-year period received 61 parent responses in which 5% of children
definitely contracted whooping cough and 82% remained whooping cough free
(the other 13% developed undiagnosed coughs). The prophylaxis was well
tolerated with 67% of parents rating its effectiveness as "very good". (lv)
- 2004: Dr Golden compared the pertussis attack rate
between unimmunised children and those given the whooping cough prophylactic
during his 15-year study. From this he was able to determine efficacy. The
unimmunised had an attack rate of 85% while the homeopathically protected
group had an attack rate of 11.7%, producing a figure of efficacy of 86.2%.
(lvi)
- 2012: In an Irish trial involving 112 children 1 -2
months of age, those given homeoprophylactics for childhood diseases,
including whooping cough, were less likely to experience severe symptoms of
the diseases if contracted than the vaccinated comparison group. (lvii)
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